How long did hatshepsut reign

Hatshepsut had no sons — only a daughter, Neferure — and the male heir was an infant, born to a concubine named Isis. Initially, Hatshepsut bore this role traditionally until, for reasons that are unclear, she claimed the role of pharaoh. This was not an attempt to trick people into thinking she was male; rather, since there were no words or images to portray a woman with this status, it was a way of asserting her authority.

One of her most important advisors was Senenmut. Unlike other rulers in her dynasty, she was more interested in ensuring economic prosperity and building and restoring monuments throughout Egypt and Nubia than in conquering new lands. She built the temple Djeser-djeseru "holiest of holy places" , which was dedicated to Amon and served as her funerary cult, and erected a pair of red granite obelisks at the Temple of Amon at Karnak, one of which still stands today.

Hatshepsut also had one notable trading expedition to the land of Punt in the ninth year of her reign. The ships returned with gold, ivory and myrrh trees, and the scene was immortalized on the walls of the temple. The queen died in early February B.

In recent years, scientists have speculated the cause of her death to be related to an ointment or salve used to alleviate a chronic genetic skin condition - a treatment that contained a toxic ingredient. The testing of artifacts near her tomb has revealed traces of a carcinogenic substance.

He destroyed or defaced her monuments, erased many of her inscriptions and constructed a wall around her obelisks. While some believe this was the result of a long-held grudge, it was more likely a strictly political effort to emphasize his line of succession and ensure that no one challenged his son Amenhotep II for the throne.

We strive for accuracy and fairness. Statues of Osiris, god of the afterlife, were carved into portico pillars. A life-size statue showed her in the traditional attire of a pharaoh, making an offering to the gods—a role usually reserved for men.

When it came to the afterlife, religion was personal for Egyptians. By the Middle Kingdom — B. That is, if at a tribunal of the dead they earned a favorable judgment from Osiris, god of the dead and ruler of the underworld. Wealthy Egyptians lavished so much on funerary preparation because they believed it would ease their passage.

Upon arrival in the netherworld, Egyptians believed, the heart of the deceased would be weighed on a balance against an ostrich plume.

If the scales balanced, the deceased would pass on to the fields of the blessed. If not, he or she would be consumed by the Eater of the Dead. All rights reserved. Culture Reference. Who was Hatshepsut? As a sphinx, Hatshepsut displays a lion's mane and a pharaoh's beard. Djeser-Djeseru, fit for a queen. Please be respectful of copyright.

Unauthorized use is prohibited. The mortuary temple at Deir el Bahri was built for Queen Hatshepsut. Egyptian afterlife.

Share Tweet Email. Why it's so hard to treat pain in infants. This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city. However, she did allow some feminine traits to come through. In addition, University of Toronto Professor Mary-Ann Pouls Wegner, whose team found a wooden statue at Abydos that may be of Hatshepsut, notes that her waist was depicted as being somewhat slimmer than her male counterparts.

In addition, Hatshepsut appears to have taken care to cultivate loyalty and obedience among officials. In Egypt proper, she launched a number of building projects. When archaeologists excavated the temple in the 19th century, Shaw notes, they found shrines dedicated to Hathor and Anubis.

Punt is believed to lie in northeastern Africa, somewhere in the area of Eritrea, Ethiopia and southern Sudan. An ancient record of the voyage indicates that it was wildly successful. After listing more goods, the record concludes that no Egyptian ruler had ever been so successful in Punt. Thutmose III, who was technically co-ruler with Hatshepsut, succeeded the female pharaoh after her death.

Although Hatshepsut was given a burial in the Valley of the Kings, her memory was not honored.